Inclusion Criteria :
1. For Hemorrhagic Stroke Patients :
* Adults aged between 19 and 80 years.
* Diagnosed with hemorrhagic stroke through clinical observation and neuroimaging.
* First-time hemorrhagic stroke patients.
* Hemorrhagic stroke onset between 2 weeks and 12 months prior to screening.
* Hemorrhagic lesion located in the cortex or subcortex.
* Not taking medications that could affect brain hemodynamics, such as - antihypertensives, anticoagulants, antiplatelets, or antidepressants.
* Able to read and understand the informed consent form and participate in questionnaires with sufficient language proficiency.
* Voluntarily agree to participate in the study and provide written consent, with the ability to complete the study duration.
2. For Ischemic Stroke Patients :
* Adults aged between 19 and 80 years.
* Diagnosed with ischemic stroke through clinical observation and neuroimaging.
* First-time ischemic stroke patients.
* Ischemic stroke onset between 2 weeks and 12 months prior to screening.
* Ischemic lesion located in the cortex or subcortex.
* Not taking medications that could affect brain hemodynamics, such as antihypertensives, anticoagulants, antiplatelets, or antidepressants.
* Able to read and understand the informed consent form and participate in questionnaires with sufficient language proficiency.
* Voluntarily agree to participate in the study and provide written consent, with the ability to complete the study duration.
3. For Healthy Adults :
* Adults aged between 19 and 80 years.
* No history of stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA).
* No stroke risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, or hyperlipidemia.
* No chronic diseases (e.g., cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, chronic lung disease).
* No psychiatric conditions (e.g., depression, schizophrenia).
* Not taking medications that could affect brain hemodynamics, such as antihypertensives, anticoagulants, antiplatelets, or antidepressants.
* Able to read and understand the informed consent form and participate in questionnaires with sufficient language proficiency.
* Voluntarily agree to participate in the study and provide written consent, with the ability to complete the study duration.
Exclusion Criteria :
* History of head trauma in the past 6 months.
* Ongoing severe chronic diseases (e.g., heart failure, chronic kidney disease, chronic lung disease).
* Severe psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, major depression, or bipolar disorder.
* Use of medications that could influence brain hemodynamics (e.g., antihypertensives, anticoagulants, antiplatelets, or antidepressants).
* Participation in a study and use of experimental drugs within the past 30 days.
* Pregnant or breastfeeding women.
* Major surgery in the past 6 months.
* Acute infections or inflammatory diseases.
* Cognitive impairment or dementia.
* Neurological disorders.
* Inability to understand the study procedures or unwillingness to provide voluntary consent.
* Any other clinical concerns deemed inappropriate for participation by the principal investigator or study team.
