Clinical Research Directory

Patients will perform core stability exercises three times weekly for eight weeks. The exercises include abdominal hollowing, bridge, right-angle leg lifts with thigh press, seated twist, knee-to-chest with elbow flexion, prone abdominal hollowing, prone arm and leg lift, quadruped abdominal hollowing, quadruped arm or arm-leg lifts, and various plank positions: forearm plank, side plank, forearm plank with hip raise, and forearm plank with straight legs.

Patients will perform sensorimotor training exercises three times weekly for eight weeks, progressing through three phases: static (weeks 1-2), dynamic (weeks 3-4), and functional (weeks 5-8). Exercises, repeated 3-5 times per session with rest intervals, advance from simple to complex as patients master each level. Static exercises include standing on firm/soft surfaces and single-leg balances. Dynamic exercises add forward lunges and T-band kicks. Functional training incorporates walking on various surfaces, toe and heel skipping, squats, balance drills on wobble boards, and multidirectional rolling movements with visual and single-leg variations. This progression enhances coordination, balance, and functional stability.

All patients will undergo a traditional physical therapy program consisting of stretching exercises, strengthening exercises, and scar management techniques, three times weekly for eight weeks.