Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age: ≥18 years 2. Patients diagnosed with paroxysmal AF or persistent AF with a duration of 1 years or less, who are referred for catheter ablation. 3. Patients referred for catheter ablation as a first-time intervention (no prior catheter ablation or surgical procedures for AF). 4. The patient is able and willing to provide written informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Patients with contraindication to anticoagulation 2. Patients with contraindication to right or left sided cardiac catheterization 3. X-ray fluoroscopy is required in the procedure, such as ablation combined with VOM ethanol ablation, epicardial ablation, LAAO, CAG, etc. 4. Serious known concomitant disease with a life expectancy of \< 1 year 5. MI, CABG, or PCI within the preceding 3 months 6. Left atrial diameter \>55 mm 7. LVEF\<30% 8. NYHA class III or IV 9. Awaiting cardiac transplantation or other cardiac surgery within 12 months. 10. History of a documented thromboembolic event within the past 6 weeks. 11. Heart or vascular malformation that impedes catheter access or vascular puncture. 12. Current enrollment in an investigational study evaluating another device or drug. 13. Acute illness, active systemic infection, or sepsis. 14. Significant congenital anomaly or a medical problem that in the opinion of the investigator would preclude enrollment in this trial.