Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Individuals aged 18 years and above, but not exceeding 85 years; * Patients who have successfully undergone mitral valve plasty with implantation of a mitral annuloplasty ring, with the option to undergo concurrent tricuspid valve plasty, atrial septal defect repair, or myxoma resection; * Patients with preoperative electrocardiogram (ECG) showing sinus rhythm; * Alternatively, patients with preoperative ECG showing atrial fibrillation (AF) rhythm, but who are male with a CHA2DS2-VASc-60 score of 0 or female with a score of 1; for patients with a CHA2DS2-VASc-60 score exceeding the aforementioned values but who have successfully converted to sinus rhythm following concurrent radiofrequency catheter ablation for AF; * Patients who voluntarily participate in this study, have signed a written informed consent form, and are willing to comply with follow-up procedures. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients with contraindications to any of the following medications: heparin, warfarin, or aspirin; * Patients who have undergone artificial valve replacement at other valve positions; * Patients with a high risk of bleeding (including active bleeding, platelet count \<50×10\^9/L, hemoglobin \<8.0 g/dL, history of cerebral hemorrhage, active peptic ulcer, or history of gastrointestinal bleeding within the last 3 months); * Patients with acute coronary syndrome within the last month; * Patients with symptomatic stroke within the last 3 months; * Patients with renal insufficiency and a creatinine clearance rate \<30 mL/min; Dialysis patients; * Patients with moderate or severe hepatic impairment or liver disease with coagulation dysfunction: Child-Pugh score greater than B or bilirubin greater than or equal to 2 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) as defined by the center, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), or serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels greater than or equal to 3 times the ULN as defined by the center; * Patients with active malignant tumors; * Patients who are planned to undergo surgical intervention or treatment (including endoscopy) during the trial period that requires discontinuation of anticoagulants; * Pregnant or lactating women, or fertile individuals unwilling or unable to use effective contraceptives; * Patients who have participated in any drug clinical trial within the last 6 months prior to screening; * Patients who refuse to undergo follow-up; * Patients deemed unsuitable for participation in this study by the investigator.