Inclusion Criteria:
1. Ages between 6 and 90 years old, and the individual or legal guardian is capable of understanding and voluntarily signing an informed consent form;
2. No history of ocular trauma or intraocular surgery, no physical or medical treatments have been undergone, and the clinical diagnosis in the medical records is age-related, congenital, or developmental cataract patients;
3. Best-corrected visual acuity in both eyes is greater than 0.8 before the study, fusion ability is normal as checked by Worth's 4-dot test, and at least 1 month has passed since the last surgery;
4. Good communication skills and the ability to understand and grasp the trial;
5. No significant contraindications to surgery found in preoperative systemic and ocular examinations.
Exclusion Criteria:
1. Patients with traumatic or complex cataracts;
2. Those diagnosed with glaucoma before or after surgery;
3. Individuals with a history of intraocular surgery (such as vitrectomy) or laser treatment;
4. Exclude those with severe ocular comorbidities (including microphthalmia, aphakia, anterior segment dysgenesis, uveitis, optic nerve dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity, congenital glaucoma, etc.) and severe systemic comorbidities (including syndromes affecting connective tissue function, such as Marfan syndrome, homocystinuria, or Down syndrome, severe birth defects, and epilepsy);
5. Any systemic diseases related to the eyes, such as rheumatic immune diseases;
6. Those with surgical records indicating any severe intraoperative complications during cataract surgery;
7. Individuals who cannot cooperate with the examination.
