Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients diagnosed with sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome were included Exclusion Criteria: * Patients were excluded if they had nasal obstruction, significantly deviated nasal septum, nasal turbinate hypertrophy, or nasal polyps. Patients with uncontrolled heart failure, renal insufficiency, diabetes, or hyperthyroidism were also excluded. Patients were also excluded if taking medications that could affect upper airway muscle function, such as ben- zodiazepines and muscle relaxants.