Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * They should be virgin, healthy female physiotherapy students with PD. * They have regular menstruation (3-8 days in duration, with 21-35 days in between). * Their ages will range from 18 to 25 years old. * Their body mass index (BMI) will range from 18 to 24.9 kg/m2. * Their waist-to-hip ratio will be less than 0.8. Exclusion Criteria: * Any urological or gynecological disorders in the previous 12 weeks (e.g., endometriosis, fibroids). * Fibromyalgia. * Severe psychiatric or psychological disorders. * Those who had taken analgesics in the 12 hours before the assessment. * Abdominal or pelvic surgery within the past six months.