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Comparison of Safety and Efficacy of Tailored Versus Fixed Dose Albumin for the Management of Patients With Cirrhosis and Sepsis Associated Acute Kidney Injury

Sponsor: Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, India

Summary

Acute kidney injury accompanies about 20% of hospitalized patients with cirrhosis and in about 40% of those admitted to ICU.A critically ill patient with cirrhosis refers to an individual who has advanced liver disease (cirrhosis) and is experiencing severe and potentially life-threatening complications that require intensive medical care and monitoring. These complications might include hepatic encephalopathy, acute liver failure, severe bleeding due to portal hypertension, or other organ failures. Such patients often require specialized medical attention and interventions to stabilize their condition. The short-term prognosis of cirrhotic patients with acute kidney injury is poor, with a mortality rate higher than 65% in patients with RRT requirement. Patients with cirrhosis are prone to develop AKI . HRS comprises specific form of AKI\[HRS-AKI\] in patients with advanced cirrhosis and ascites, carries a high mortality risk. Role of albumin as colloid serves both as volume supplement and also as additive to vasoconstrictors. Ascites, elevated bilirubin, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis \[SBP\] and use of amino glycosides antibiotics had previously been identified as significant risk factors for renal failure in cirrhotic patients. The causes of AKI in cirrhotic patients include HRS \[most common\], others include ATN \[associated mostly with sepsis\]and hypovolemic shock. Three month survival ranged from 73% in patients with parenchymatous AKI to 15% for HRS. As per 2023 joint meeting of ICA and ADQI ,based on baseline serum creatinine\[sCr\](a lowest value obtained within the previous 3 months),AKI is defined by an absolute increases of sCr\>=0.3mg/dl within 48hr or a percentage increase of sCr\>=50% from baseline within 7 days and urine output \<= 0.5ml/kg for \>=6hrs.As per KDIGO ,three stages of AKI are defined :Stage 1\]when the previous criteria are met \[a relative increase of sCr 1.5-2.0from baseline, stage 2\]when increase in sCr is \>2folds to 3 folds from baseline and Stage 3\]when there is an increase of sCr\>3 folds from baseline or sCr is \>4.0mg/dl with an acute increase of \>0.3mg/dl or initiation of RRT. So, the study aims to analyze the role of albumin as a volume supplement and as a vasoconstrictor as well as its immunomodulatory effect in sepsis to help in resolution of AKI.Here we compare the effectiveness of personalized-dose albumin administration with fixed-dose albumin for treating acute kidney injury in patients with cirrhosis and sepsis associated AKI.

Official title: Comparison of Safety and Efficacy of Tailored Versus Fixed Dose Albumin for the Management of Patients With Cirrhosis and Sepsis Associated Acute Kidney Injury - A Randomised Control Trial

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