Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients who have experienced their first-ever ischemic stroke in the carotid system domain. * Age range: 40 to 65 years old. * Duration of illness: 30 to 180 days since stroke onset. * Spasticity of the affected hand muscles (wrist flexors, finger flexors, and finger adductors) must be grade 1+ or less according to the Modified Ashworth Scale. * Hand dysfunction severity ranges from mild to severe, defined by a score of ≤ 4 on the Medical Research Council Scale. Exclusion Criteria: * Presence of a deformity in the paralytic upper limb before the stroke. * History of a lower motor neuron lesion in the impaired upper extremity (e.g., polyneuropathy) before the stroke. * Skin abrasions or ulcerations on the affected upper limb. * Unstable health conditions, including cardiac dysfunction, end-stage renal failure, unstable diabetes, or uncontrolled hypertension (\>190/110). * Presence of a pacemaker or other implanted electrically sensitive devices. * Significant orthopedic conditions or chronic pain syndromes. * Chronic use of medications that may influence motor or sensory excitability (e.g., anti-epileptic or antipsychotic drugs). * Pregnancy.