Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Age \> 18 years * Ability to undergo an extensive neuropsychological evaluation * Ability to sign informed consent for the study * Diagnosed with idiopathic PD according to the latest revision of the MDS criteria * On stable and optimal antiparkinsonian therapy for at least four weeks Exclusion Criteria: * Systemic diseases of significant severity, including cardiovascular and cerebrovascular conditions (e.g., active neoplasms requiring chemotherapy, or end-stage heart failure) * Presence of any active neurological disease, in addition to PD * Presence of a cochlear implant, ferromagnetic brain device or near the site of brain stimulation, pacemaker, brain electrodes for DBS, electromechanical devices with IPG, or any other implantable stimulator, including peripheral ones * History of epilepsy * History of cerebrovascular, tumor-related, infectious, or metabolic brain conditions predisposing to seizures or causing symptomatic epilepsy * Pregnancy or breastfeeding * Alcoholism * Treatment with anticholinesterase drugs, benzodiazepines, neuroleptics, anticholinergics, or antidepressants in the last month * Treatment with drugs that lower the seizure threshold (e.g., imipramine, amitriptyline, doxepin, nortriptyline, maprotiline, chlorpromazine, clozapine, foscarnet, ganciclovir, ritonavir, amphetamines, cocaine, MDMA, ecstasy, phencyclidine, ketamine, gamma-hydroxybutyrate, alcohol, theophylline) * Active cochlear pathology (especially if currently receiving ototoxic drugs, such as aminoglycoside antibiotics) * Dementia according to the latest revision of the MDS criteria for PDD