Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients diagnosed with LDH and OP based on the chart and clinical diagnostic criteria. * Age of female patients ≥ 45 years，age of male patients ≥ 50 years. * Visual analogue scale (VAS) ≥ 3 points. * Surgical operation will be performed during the 7-day admission period. * Mandarin speakers. Exclusion Criteria: * Severe primary diseases: ulcerative colitis, gastrointestinal bleeding, pancreatitis, lung cancer, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome or psychosis, depression, anxiety or substance abuse, identified by diagnosis and interview. * Current engagement in regular physical activity routines over the past 3 months: aerobic exercises for at least 30 minutes, at least 3 times per week. * Taken drugs within 3 months before enrollment: bisphosphonates, glucocorticoids, calcitonin, anticonvulsant drugs, heparin, etc.