Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * 18 years and older * Diagnosis of moderate to severe traumatic brain injury * Seizure prophylaxis with one of the two study drugs within 24 hours of initial injury * Patients admitted into the trauma team service Exclusion Criteria: * Enrolled in another interventional drug study * Any active, witnessed, or unable to rule out seizure prior to prophylaxis initiation * Received antiseizure medication (ASM), for prophylaxis or treatment, prior to randomization * History of seizures * On anti-epileptic medications for seizures or indications other than seizures prior to admission * Documented history of alcohol withdrawal and experiencing alcohol withdrawal on admission with initiation of clinical institute withdrawal assessment scale revised (CIWA-Ar) or modified Minnesota Detoxification Scale (mMINDS) requiring treatment * Spinal cord injury (SCI), confirmed by radiographic imaging demonstrating cervical (C1 to C8) or thoracic-spine (T1 to T12) injuries consistent with spinal cord injury * History of bradycardia or permanent pacemaker or signs of bradycardia with HR \< 55 bpm for \> 5 min not on medications that cause bradycardia * End-stage renal disease (ESRD) * Death, withdrawal of life support or transfer to hospice within 24 hours * Pregnant or incarcerated * Baseline GCS \< 13 or unable to determine baseline GCS * Patient with a GCS of 15 or Legally Authorize Representative (LAR) unable to provide informed consent prior to randomization, or unable to read and understand English, Spanish, Vietnamese, Russian, Arabic, or French