Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * age between 30 and 60 years; * fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for severe substance use disorder as specified in the Fifth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. * a history of heroin use exceeding ten years, with a daily average intake of at least 0.1 grams. * abstinence duration of eight months or less, with a positive result of a urine test before entering the rehabilitation center. * no history of neuromodulation treatments such as tDCS within the past six months. Exclusion Criteria: * a history of alcohol dependence, neurological disorders, or other complex psychiatric conditions. * the presence of intracranial metallic implants or elevated intracranial pressure. * a history of epilepsy or recent electroencephalogram evidence of epileptiform activity. * the use of implanted electronic devices, such as pacemakers;. * scalp hyperalgesia or a tendency toward bleeding. * severe cardiac conditions.