Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Informed Consent signed by the patient (all sex and gender) * Patients' age from ≥ 18 to ≤ 80 at time of study inclusion * American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification I to III * Patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) deemed operable by minimally invasive surgical technique (UICC Stages 0-II according to Tumor Nodes Metastasis (TNM) Classification 8th edition and selected patients with UICC Stage IIIA) or pulmonary metastasis or pulmonary lesion resected by lobectomy and/or segmentectomy * Minimally invasive anatomical lung resections under general anaesthesia: lobectomy, lobectomy with wedge resection, lobectomy combined with segmentectomy, segmentectomy with wedge resection, bilobectomy Exclusion Criteria: * Previous thoracic surgery on the same side within 6 months * Lung cancer complicated with pleural empyema * Patients with chronic pain who receive opiates/gabapentin/pregabalin * Patients who consume opiates/benzodiazepines * Congestive heart failure NYHA Class III or IV * Liver cirrhosis Child-Pugh Class B and C * Renal insufficiency requiring dialysis and/or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) \<30 mL/min/1.73 m2 * Patients with coagulopathy or bleeding disorders: von Willebrand disease, Hemophilia; Thrombocytopenia (\<50 G/l), requiring platelet transfusion * Patients with neuralgia * Chest pain (site of surgery) without taking painkillers, measured by VAS while coughing \> 10 mm * Rib fractures (in the last 3 months) on the side of surgical procedure * Open anatomical lung resection, including pneumonectomy * Insertion of 2 or more chest tubes * Need for patient controlled intravenous anaesthesia or patient controlled epidural anaesthesia * Patients intubated/sedated (not suitable due to difficulties to fill out the pain survey)