Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Aims 1 and 2: * Presenting with signs and symptoms of lower respiratory tract infection * Diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) by a clinician * The treating clinician intends to prescribe antibiotics for CAP, AND * Well enough, as determined by the clinician at the time of the study enrollment visit, to be managed as an outpatient. * Aim 3: * Parent/guardian of child enrolled in the trial, OR * Clinician who makes prescribing decision at the study site, OR * Other practice-based parties (e.g. nurses, pharmacists, medical assistants, practice leaders) at study sites who can comment on the implementation of each prescribing strategy. Exclusion Criteria: * Aims 1 and 2: * Hospitalization within the previous 7 days * Oxygen saturation below 90%, if measured * Incomplete immunization status (e.g., lacking at least 3 doses of the pneumococcal vaccines, typically given as part of the 2-, 4-, and 6-month vaccinations) * Chronic medical conditions that increase the risk of bacterial CAP (e.g., chronic lung disease, cystic fibrosis, sickle cell disease), * Substantially immunocompromised status (e.g., immunodeficiency, active cancer treatment, organ transplant with concurrent immunosuppressive agents) * Receipt of oral or parenteral antibiotics within the previous 7 days * Diagnosis of complicated pneumonia (e.g., empyema, lung abscess) * Known bacterial source of infection warranting immediate antibiotics * Pneumonia diagnosis within the previous 6 months, OR * Prior enrollment in the trial * Inability of the parent or guardian to speak English or Spanish * Aim 3: * Inability of the parent or guardian to speak English