Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Patients aged 50-80 years. 2. Diagnosed with end-stage knee osteoarthritis, post-traumatic arthritis, avascular necrosis, or inflammatory arthritis requiring total knee arthroplasty. 3. Willing and able to provide informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: 1. History of prior knee surgery or knee replacement. 2. Severe knee deformity (valgus \>20° or varus \>15°) or instability. 3. Severe contracture (\>25° flexion contracture). 4. Undergoing total knee revision surgery. 5. Rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis. 6. BMI \>35. 7. Neuromuscular disorders affecting knee stability or gait. 8. Pregnancy or lactation. 9. Presence of significant comorbidities posing unacceptable risk, including but not limited to metabolic, renal, hepatic, pulmonary, cardiac, hematologic, neurological, endocrine, infectious, or gastrointestinal conditions. 10. Active or recent severe infections or malignancy. 11. History of drug or alcohol abuse in the past six months.