Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Age ≥18 years； * The ASA classification ranges from I to III. * Patients have signed the informed consent form. * Patients scheduled to undergo sedated ERCP examination; * The estimated duration of the procedure does not exceed 45 minutes. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Patients with coagulation disorders, tendency for oral/nasal bleeding, mucosal injury/occupying lesions, or difficult oropharyngeal airway insertion making airway management unfeasible; 2. Severe cardiac dysfunction (\<4 METs); 3. Severe renal insufficiency (requiring preoperative dialysis); 4. Child-Pugh class C; 5. Diagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or other acute/chronic pulmonary diseases requiring long-term/intermittent oxygen therapy; 6. Increased intracranial pressure; 7. Upper respiratory tract infections (oral/nasal/pharyngeal); 8. Fever (core temperature \>37.5°C); 9. Confirmed pregnancy or current breastfeeding; 10. Allergy to sedatives (e.g., propofol) or medical adhesives; 11. Emergency procedures; 12. Multiple trauma injuries; 13. Peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) levels below 95% while breathing room air preoperatively; 14. BMI \<18.5 or \>30 kg/m²; 15. Current participation in other clinical trials; 16. Other conditions deemed ineligible by investigators.