Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * ASA Ⅰ\~Ⅲ; * BMI was 18-28 kg/m2; * For elective abdominal surgery under intravenous general anesthesia; * The expected duration of anesthesia was 1 to 4 hours. Exclusion Criteria: * Septic shock and multiple organ failure diagnosed within 14 days; * Hyperkalemia (serum potassium \>5.5mmol/L) within 48 hours; * Stroke or transient ischemic attack within 3 months; * Patients with unstable angina pectoris or myocardial infarction within 3 months; Arrhythmia requiring treatment was not treated or treatment did not meet expectations; * Patients with preoperative diagnosed diabetes mellitus and uncontrolled blood glucose; Diabetic complications were diagnosed before surgery, including diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar coma, diabetes-related infection, diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic foot, etc. * Severe liver and renal dysfunction; * Liver surgery, renal surgery, adrenal surgery, day surgery; * Resting blood pressure ≥180/110 mmHg (2020 ISH hypertension guideline ≥ grade 3 hypertension); Or systolic blood pressure \<90mmHg or mean blood pressure \<65mmHg. * Taking corticosteroids or other immunosuppressants for more than 10 days within 6 months or having a history of adrenal cortex suppression or immune system diseases;