Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * 1.Underwent radical right hemicolectomy by Da Vinci robotic or laparoscopic surgery 2.Postoperative pathology confirmed right colon adenocarcinoma (pT2-T4aNxM0; including cecal adenocarcinoma, ascending colon adenocarcinoma, hepatic flexure colon adenocarcinoma, and proximal transverse colon adenocarcinoma) 3.Complete clinical data and pathological results available Exclusion Criteria: * 1.Received neoadjuvant therapy prior to surgery 2.History of other malignancies in the past 5 years (except cured cervical carcinoma in situ, basal cell carcinoma, or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin) 3.Distant metastases (e.g., liver, lung) or extensive abdominal/pelvic metastases confirmed by contrast-enhanced CT, PET-CT, or intraoperative exploration 4.Comorbid neurological/psychiatric disorders impairing ability to express informed consent 5.Poor systemic condition with contraindications to general anesthesia 6.Severe obesity (BMI \>35 kg/m²) 7.Severe widespread abdominal adhesions precluding safe pneumoperitoneum establishment 8.Emergency surgery due to tumor perforation or obstruction 9.Refusal to provide informed consent