Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Patients with the age above 18 years and above 2. Patients diagnosed with epidermal or mixed-type melasma Exclusion Criteria: 1. Use of topical medications such as hydroquinone, whitening agents (e.g., arbutin, kojic acid, vitamin C, retinoids, and steroids) on melasma areas within 4 weeks prior to joining the study 2. Chemical peeling within 4 weeks prior to joining the study 3. Use of oral tranexamic acid or any supplements within 3 months prior to joining the study 4. History of laser treatment, dermabrasion, or skin-tightening devices within 6 months prior to joining the study 5. History of botulinum toxin injections, fillers, collagen stimulators, or thread lifts within 12 months prior to joining the study 6. Pregnancy or breastfeeding 7. Use of hormonal contraceptives within 1 year prior to joining the study 8. Personal or family history of thrombotic disorders, such as deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, stroke, protein C or S deficiency, or antithrombin III deficiency 9. History of more than 2 spontaneous abortion 10. History of impaired kidney function 11. History of cancer 12. Smoking 13. Heart disease (e.g., end-stage heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or use of prosthetic heart valves) 14. History of allergy to oral tranexamic acid or melatonin 15. Patients who are unable to follow up as per the study protocol 16. Patients with Hori's nevus