Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria * Any participant ≥18 years and ≤ 65 years presenting for an IUD insertion or endometrial biopsy * For IUD insertion, only nulliparous patients * English speaking participants only * Availability of a ride home from the appointment Exclusion Criteria * Use of pain medication that is not an NSAID or acetaminophen (e.g. opioids, benzodiazepines) within past 24 hours * Misoprostol administration within 24 hours * Breastfeeding * Any diagnosed chronic pain syndromes (e.g. fibromyalgia, vaginismus) * Allergy to methoxyflurane * Renal or liver disease * Known or genetically susceptible to malignant hyperthermia or a history of severe adverse reactions in either patient or relatives * Baseline vital signs of systolic blood pressure \<100, diastolic blood pressure \<60 and/or pulse \<60. * Previous unsuccessful office attempt of IUD insertion or endometrial biopsy by the same practitioner (note of clarification: previous unsuccessful IUD insertion or biopsy attempt by a different practitioner will still be eligible) * Clinically evident respiratory impairment