Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Voluntary participation (provided informed consent) * Age between 18 and 65 years * Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg/m² * Underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy Exclusion Criteria: * Use of antibiotics for more than 5 days after surgery * Antibiotic use within 6 months prior to surgery * Use of any prebiotic or probiotic supplement within 3 months prior to surgery * Known intolerance to prebiotics or probiotics * Use of immunosuppressive drugs or NSAIDs * Diagnosed with liver or kidney failure * Age under 18 or over 65 * History of cholecystectomy or scheduled simultaneous cholecystectomy with sleeve gastrectomy * Lactose intolerance * Presence of early postoperative complications (e.g., bleeding, persistent vomiting, fistula, obstruction, leakage, infection, etc.) * Diagnosed dumping syndrome after surgery * Early postoperative food intolerance or dehydration * Inability to undergo bioelectrical impedance analysis (e.g., pacemaker, metallic implants) * Conditions affecting body composition analysis results, such as: * Menstruation at the time of measurement * Consumption of food or caffeinated beverages within 4 hours of measurement * Intense physical activity within 48 hours of measurement * Non-adherence to daily probiotic/prebiotic supplementation protocol during the intervention period Alcohol consumption within 48 hours of measurement