Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Systemically healthy, ASA1 patients, * Phase 1 periodontal treatment was performed, * Diagnosed with chronic apical periodontitis in a single tooth with 2 or more roots in the mouth, * The lesion measured \<2 cm on radiographic evaluation, * The vitality of the tooth was checked by EPT (Ai-Pex, Woodpecker, China) and Cold test (Cerkamed, Poland) and confirmed to be devitalised, * Socioculturally able to participate in the treatment, * Individuals who did not smoke or drink alcohol Exclusion Criteria: * Patients who have used antibiotics in the last three months and analgesics in the last two weeks * Patients who smoke and/or abuse alcohol * Patients younger than 18 years or older than 45 years, * Patients with controlled or uncontrolled systemic disease and life-threatening conditions (ASA 2,3,4,5,6) * Pregnant or lactating women, * Patients with poor oral hygiene, * Patients who had head and neck radiotherapy, * With obesity, * Active periodontal disease, * Periodontal pocket depth over 3mm, * There is enough loss of material in the relevant tooth to prevent adequate isolation or to require post placement, * Clinical examination of the relevant tooth showing symptoms in percussion-palpation, * Radiographically, the lesion is seen in relation to anatomical formations such as the mandibular canal and maxillary sinus, * Patients who required prophylactic antibiotic use before invasive dental procedures were excluded from the study. * Patients who did not attend the follow-up appointment and patients who experienced complications during expansion (instrument seperation, perforation, etc.) were excluded from the study.