Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Non-ventilator dependent paralysis, such as: * central nervous system impairment * spinal cord injuries with single neurological level in the cervical to lumbosacral region * cerebrovascular accident with associated sequelae including but not limited to hemiparesis and spasticity * neurodegenerative disorders including but not limited to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, multiple system atrophy, and parkinsonism * Poor trunk control/stability * Ability of body structure to fit within the limits of AIRS and the rowing system * Either volitional control of lower extremities or response/tolerance to electrical stimulation * Individuals who would be classified as PR2 or PR1 - FISA Para-Rowing Classifications Exclusion Criteria: * Veterans will be excluded if they have: * acute illness or injury * active or recent pressure injuries in the last 6 months affecting their ability to safely row (e.g., the coccyx, ischial tuberosity, sacrum, etc.) * Individuals who would be classified as NE or PR3-PD - FISA Para-Rowing Classifications * Flap procedure to address pressure injury less than one year prior * Upper extremity pain that restricts rowing * Surgical procedure within past 6 months that would make the study procedures unsafe (e.g., tendon repairs/transfers, neural decompressions, bony fusions, etc.) * Upper extremity or spine fractures within past 3 months, or longer if remains unstable/not fully healed. * Medical conditions such as cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, or other conditions that would make the study procedures unsafe pregnancy * Inability to communicate with the study team in real time * Inability to follow simple commands * Unable or unwilling to give consent