Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: 1. aged 18-75 years; 2. diagnosis of cirrhosis and portal hypertension by clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, imaging tests and histologic examinations; 3. gastroscopic grading of esophagogastric varices as moderate or severe; 4. no ruptured esophagogastric varices bleeding in the last 5 days; 5. endoscopic treatment of esophagogastric varices during hospitalization. Exclusion Criteria: 1. first endoscopic treatment of esophagogastric varices; 2. this is an acute esophagogastric variceal rupture and bleeding; 3. previous TIPS or liver transplantation; 4. isolated fundal varices or ectopic varices; 5. primary hepatocellular carcinoma or acute or chronic hepatic failure, Child-pugh class C, hepatic encephalopathy stage 2 or higher; 6. spontaneous abnormally large shunts, uncontrolled infections and sepsis, uncontrolled hypertension; 7. combined cardiac, pulmonary, cerebral, renal and other serious complications or other reasons for not being able to tolerate the examination; 8. pregnant women and lactating women; 9. failure to sign the informed consent or refusal to participate.