Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria * permanent teeth diagnosed with reversible pulpitis, * patients diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis but without apical radiolucency, -teeth responding within normal limits to cold stimuli (using carbon dioxide snow), * teeth with prolonged response to cold testing, diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis, * teeth without sensitivity to percussion or chewing tests, * teeth with bleeding time less than 5 minutes from exposed pulp tissue, * teeth diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis with bleeding time less than 10 minutes, * teeth without widening of the periodontal ligament space (Periapical Index \[PAI\] ≥2), * teeth with radiographically confirmed deep dentinal caries, * patients classified as ASA I (American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification) Exclusion Criteria: * teeth showing negative response to cold testing (using carbon dioxide snow), -teeth showing negative response to electric pulp testing, * presence of apical radiolucency (PAI \> 2), * presence of condensing apical periodontitis in the relevant tooth, * teeth with internal or external root resorption, * teeth with a history of trauma, * teeth with vertical root fractures, * evidence of periodontal-endodontic lesion on the day of treatment, * loss of function (e.g., tooth mobility degree 3), * presence of swelling related to the treated tooth, * teeth that cannot be treated with rubber dam isolation, * patients with compromised immune systems, * patients who are pregnant at the time of treatment, * patients who have used antibiotics, bisphosphonates, or statins within the last 4 weeks prior to treatment.