Clinical Research Directory

1\. Patient Participants Inclusion Criteria: 1. Singapore resident aged 21years and above, 2. patient able to identify one main caregiver in the care and medical decision-making for the patient; 3. patient able to communicate in either English, Chinese, Malay or Tamil; 4. patient meeting one of the following illness criteria: 4a. Patients with brain tumours: histological and/or radiological diagnosis of glioma or brain metastases. 4b. Patients with spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (SICH) based on radiological diagnosis of SICH on baseline computed-tomographic scans. 4c. Patients with CKD Stage 4 and 5, identified at G4 or G5 of CKD, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 30 ml/min or less, inclusive of kidney failure on kidney replacement therapy; and (5) Physicians assessment that ACP is appropriate for the patient by physicians.\* (\*) The attending clinicians may base the assessment of ACP appropriateness on several factors in addition to high mortality risk. As a baseline, clinicians are asked to base their assessment of high mortality risk using the validated "Surprise" question. 2\. Patient participants Exclusion Criteria: 1. Patients unable to identify a caregiver who is a medical decision-maker, 2. Patients are currently or was previously healthcare workers; or 3. Patients are diagnosed with dementia or deemed cognitively impaired as determined by the Abbreviated Mental Test. 3\. Caregiver Participants Inclusion Criteria: 1. caregivers are identified as a medical decision-maker for the patient 2. Singapore resident aged 21 years and above; and 3. able to communicate in English 4\. Caregiver Participants Exclusion Criteria: 1. caregivers are currently or were previously healthcare workers; 2. caregivers not involved in primary care of the patient (including providing care to the patient, supervision of care, or involved in making decisions regarding treatment the patient receives); or 3. caregivers diagnosed with dementia.