Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria 1. Subjects who have either: (i) been on long-term semaglutide therapy (≥4 weeks, any dosage) and discontinued use for one week prior to gastroscopy (with the last dose 8-14 days before the procedure), or(ii) never used semaglutide. 2. For patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), HbA1c \< 9% to ensure adequate glycemic control. 3. Age ≥ 18 years, with no restriction on sex. 4. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification I-II. 5. Fasting for at least 8 hours and no water intake for at least 4 hours before gastroscopy. 6. Undergoing painless (sedated) endoscopy. Exclusion Criteria 1. History of hiatal hernia or any previous gastric surgery (including gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, etc.). 2. Pregnancy. 3. Medically unfit for gastrointestinal endoscopy. 4. Deemed unsuitable for participation at the discretion of the investigators.