Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * All patients from one month till 4 years who will be admitted to Gastroenterology unit in (AUCH) and diagnosed with a gastrointestinal disease Exclusion Criteria: * 1-Neonates \>1 month \& those \<4 years . 2-Patients with acute or chronic kidney diseases that alter electrolyte balance. 3-Patients with endocrine disorders affecting electrolyte balance (e.g adrenal insufficiency). 4-Use of medications that alter electrolyte balance (e.g diuretics, steroids). 5-Critically ill patients that electrolyte disturbance is due to non-gastrointestinal causes.