Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients who underwent a first ablation procedure for atrial fibrillation (paroxysmal or persistent). * Availability of an adequate pre-procedural cardiac CT scan for LAWT, LAV and inFAT analysis. * Availability of complete procedural data, including ablation index (AI) values recorded using the SmartTouch catheter (Biosense Webster). * Availability of 12-month follow-up data for efficacy and safety endpoint evaluation. * Ablation performed according to the by-LAWT protocol Exclusion Criteria: * Age \< 18 years. * Previous cardiac ablation (including AF ablation or other arrhythmias). * Incomplete data regarding procedural parameters, or follow-up. * Poor quality pre-procedural cardiac MDCT * Ablation not performed according to the BY-LAWT protocol. * Structural heart disease (e.g., dilated cardiomyopathy, valvular heart disease with surgical indication) that could substantially influence atrial dimensions or ablation response.