Clinical Research Directory

Side Effects of Low Dose Rate Brachytherapy and Ultra-hypofractionated Radiotherapy in Low to Intermediate Risk Prostate Cancer

Sponsor: Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust

Summary

The LDR BURST trial will compare the side effects of two radiotherapy treatments for men with localised prostate cancer. The first treatment is 4D low dose rate brachytherapy where small radioactive seeds are inserted into the prostate gland under ultrasound guidance. A computerised tomography scan is subsequently performed to check seed positioning. Patients usually return home the same day. The seeds emit their radiation over several months before losing their activity. Stereotactic radiotherapy, an alternative treatment, is a form of external radiation using precise high energy x-rays to target the prostate gland. It is delivered in 5 treatment sessions on alternate days; the full treatment course is completed within 2 weeks. Stereotactic radiotherapy has recently been approved by the National Health Service following successful results in international trials demonstrating it is safe and effective to give external radiotherapy in five treatment sessions. Delivering a higher dose in each treatment fraction is known as 'ultra-hypofractionation'. Before the treatment, men will undergo a minor procedure, typically under local anaesthetic, to have metallic markers inserted into the prostate to improve visibility of the prostate gland when planning and delivering the treatment. The side effects of both the radiation treatments are similar. Common side effects include bladder issues, such as needing to urinate more often and having a slower urine flow. Patients might also experience more frequent and looser bowel movements, occasionally with a little blood. Symptoms usually improve over time. Additionally, some men might have trouble achieving or maintaining an erection after radiation treatment, this can often be managed with medications. Both of the treatments use ionising radiation to destroy the prostate cancer cells which may cause cancer many years or decades after exposure. The chances of this happening are the same whether taking part in this trial or not. A protective gel, called Barrigel, will be inserted into the space between the prostate gland and the rectum increasing the distance between them. This significantly reduces the dose of radiation to the rectum. The gel can be inserted at the same time as the brachytherapy seed or fiducial marker insertion. The gel is slowly reabsorbed following treatment over the next 3 to 6 months. The trial will randomly assign 110 men to each radiation treatment to compare their side effects. There is a 50% chance the patient will be assigned to brachytherapy and 50% chance of stereotactic radiotherapy. Patients will be asked to complete four questionnaires prior to starting treatment and at regular time points following treatment. They will be telephoned every 4 weeks for the first 2 months to check on side effects, followed by a face-to-face appointment at 3 months, and a PSA blood test, and then followed up at regular intervals for 5 years.

Official title: Comparing the Side Effects of Low Dose Rate Brachytherapy Against Ultra-Hypofractionated Radiotherapy Using Spacer Gel Treatment in Men With Cambridge Prognostic Groups (CPG) 1 to 3 (NCCN Low to Intermediate Risk) Prostate Cancer

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