Clinical Research Directory

Joint position sense will be assessed using active and passive joint position sense tests. Before starting the movement, the extremity will be moved ten times to prepare for movement. The "Physio Master" phone application will be used to measure the angle difference between the affected and unaffected knees at the end point of the movement. With the individual sitting upright with their back straight, knees flexed at 90 degrees, the participant's knee will be flexed to 45 degrees and the participant will be asked to repeat the same angle with their eyes closed. The error in angles (°) will be calculated. Passive position sense will be measured and recorded by passively moving the participant to the determined angle (15-30-45-60) and then asking them to estimate the angle upon returning to the starting position. Repeated flexion and extension will be performed to assess any errors in the movement. Placebo exercises will also be administered during the assessment. The test was repeated t

The Berg Balance Scale was developed primarily to assess postural control and is widely used in many rehabilitation settings. The 14 items in the scale assess expected balance during common activities of daily living, including standing and static sitting balance, as well as turning, picking up objects from the floor, and transfers. Scoring is typically done on a 5-point scale that assesses whether the patient can perform the task safely and independently for a specific time period. A score of 0 is given when the patient cannot perform the movement at all, and a score of 4 is given when the patient completes the movement independently. The maximum score is 56, with a score of 0-20 indicating impaired balance, 21-40 indicating acceptable balance, and 41-56 indicating good balance. The completion of the scale takes approximately 10 to 20 minutes. The Turkish validity and reliability study of the scale was conducted by Şahin et al. in 2008 on stroke patients.

It measures the time it takes for a patient to stand up from a chair, walk 3 meters, turn, and sit back down. The test time was recorded in seconds. The test was repeated three times, and the average time was recorded as a score. If necessary, the patient was allowed to perform the test using a walking aid. It is an objective clinical measurement used to assess functional mobility, dynamic balance, and fall risk in older individuals. It has also been shown to be a valid and reliable test in stroke patients.

This test is used to determine walking speed. Two to three trials will be conducted at both comfortable and maximum speeds of their choosing. Participants will be instructed to walk at a "normal comfortable speed" or "as fast as safely possible." No practice trials will be conducted, and participants will rest for at least 30 seconds between trials. Typical shoes, standard orthotics, and any necessary assistive devices will be worn. Participants will walk approximately 14 meters, including a 2-meter acceleration and deceleration zone. The time participants spend walking the middle 6 meters of this walkway will be measured with a stopwatch, from the moment their toes first pass the starting cone to the moment they first pass the finishing cone. Walking speed will be calculated for each trial.

Quality of life is also an important prognostic indicator for stroke and provides a broader definition of the disease. This scale consists of 49 items in 12 domains: mobility, energy, upper extremity functionality, work/productivity, mood, self-care, social roles, family roles, vision, language, thinking, and personality. SS-QOL items are assessed on a five-point Likert-type scale. Responses range from 1 (Strongly disagree) to 5 (Strongly agree). High scores on the scale indicate high quality of life, while low scores indicate low quality of life.