Inclusion Criteria:
1. Age ≥18 years.
2. Histologically or cytologically confirmed advanced solid tumor.
3. Failure of at least one line of standard therapy, or no standard treatment available, or intolerant to standard treatment at the current stage.
4. At least one measurable lesion according to RECIST 1.1 criteria.
5. ECOG performance status of 0-1.
6. Expected survival ≥3 months.
7. Sufficient organ function, with laboratory tests meeting the following criteria (no blood transfusion or hematopoietic growth factor treatment within 14 days):
1. Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥1.5×10⁹/L;
2. Platelets (PLT) ≥90×10⁹/L;
3. Hemoglobin (Hb) ≥90 g/L;
4. Total bilirubin (TBIL) ≤1.5×ULN (≤3×ULN for liver metastases or hepatocellular carcinoma);
5. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤2.5×ULN (≤5×ULN for liver metastases or hepatocellular carcinoma);
6. Creatinine clearance (Ccr) \>50 mL/min (calculated by Cockcroft-Gault formula);
7. Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) ≤1.5×ULN; INR ≤1.5×ULN.
8. Fertile participants (male and female) must agree to use reliable contraception (hormonal, barrier, or abstinence) with their partners during the trial and for at least 180 days after the last dose. Female participants of childbearing potential must have a negative blood pregnancy test within 7 days before enrollment.
9. Understand and voluntarily sign the informed consent form (ICF).
Exclusion Criteria:
1. Previous treatment with anti-GPC3 therapy.
2. Presence of spinal cord compression or clinically active central nervous system metastases (untreated or symptomatic metastases, or those requiring corticosteroids/anticonvulsants for symptom control), or carcinomatous meningitis. Patients with previously treated brain metastases (e.g., whole-brain radiotherapy or stereotactic brain radiotherapy) may be enrolled if clinically stable for ≥4 weeks with no imaging evidence of progressive brain metastases.
3. Long-term immunosuppressive therapy (e.g., cyclosporine) or daily systemic steroid therapy (e.g., \>20 mg prednisone or equivalent), excluding those using nasal spray, inhaled, or other topical glucocorticoid therapies.
4. Adverse reactions from prior antitumor therapy not recovered to CTCAE 5.0 Grade ≤1 (excluding toxicities deemed non-risky by the investigator, e.g., alopecia).
5. Any antitumor therapy (chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, etc.) or investigational intervention within 4 weeks or 5 half-lives (whichever is shorter) before the first dose, or traditional Chinese medicine with antitumor indications within 14 days prior.
6. Grade ≥3 immune-related adverse events (irAEs, per CTCAE 5.0) from prior immunotherapy.
7. Concurrent participation in another interventional clinical trial (observational trials or follow-up phases allowed).
8. Major surgery within 28 days before the first dose or planned tumor resection during the study.
9. Significant bleeding tendency within 4 weeks before the first dose, or high-risk conditions (e.g., gastrointestinal hemorrhage, severe hemoptysis) per investigator judgment; hereditary bleeding disorders.
10. Known severe allergy to the study drug or its excipients.
11. Active bacterial, fungal, or viral infection requiring IV treatment within 14 days before randomization (prophylactic therapy allowed if no active infection symptoms); patients with viral hepatitis are allowed to receive antiviral treatment.
12. Uncontrolled effusions (pleural, peritoneal, pericardial) requiring frequent drainage or intervention within 14 days before the first dose (excluding cytologic evaluation of effusions).
13. History of allogeneic organ or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
14. Immunodeficiency, including HIV-positive status.
15. HBsAg-positive or HBcAb-positive with HBV-DNA \>2000 IU/mL; HCV antibody-positive with HCV-RNA positivity.
16. History of tuberculosis treatment within 2 years before the first dose.
17. Interstitial lung disease or severe pulmonary dysfunction.
18. History of inflammatory bowel disease or chronic diarrhea.
19. Severe cardiovascular/cerebrovascular disease, including:
1. Severe arrhythmias/conduction abnormalities (e.g., ventricular arrhythmias requiring intervention, AV block grade II-III);
2. Acute coronary syndrome, congestive heart failure, stroke, or other Grade ≥3 cardiovascular events within 6 months before the first dose;
3. NYHA class ≥II or LVEF \<50%;
4. Long QTc syndrome or QTc \>480 ms (Fridericia formula), or concomitant use of QTc-prolonging drugs;
5. Uncontrolled hypertension (systolic BP ≥160 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥100 mmHg at screening).
20. Other active malignancies within 2 years (except cured localized tumors, e.g., basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, superficial bladder cancer, in situ prostate/cervical/breast cancer).
21. Live vaccination within 28 days before the first dose (inactivated vaccines, e.g., seasonal flu vaccine, allowed).
22. Pregnancy or lactation.
23. Other conditions deemed unsuitable by the investigator (e.g., depression history/current treatment, psychiatric disorders affecting compliance, main portal vein tumor thrombus).
