Clinical Research Directory

The patient in lateral position. A curvilinear ultrasound probe (5-7 MHz) will be placed longitudinally in the midline just above the median sacral crest. After identifying the hyper echoic median sacral crest with the overlying hypo echoic latissimus dorsi muscle, the probe will be moved laterally to identify the intermediate crest, the dorsal sacral foramina (DSF), longissimus thoracic muscle, and multifidus muscle (MFM). After optimizing the image at the S2 level, a 21G 80 mm block needle will be advanced in an in plane approach until the needle reached the sacral foramen. A distinct loss of resistance will be felt once the needle pierced the fibrous covering of S2 foramen. After negative aspiration, a total of 20 mL bupivacaine 0.1875% ( 0.19%) will be injected in incrementally, aspirating every 5 ml and the block will be repeated on the other side

The patient in semi-lateral position. A linear ultrasound probe (4-12MHz) will be placed posterior to the mid-axillary line between the costal margin and the iliac crest. When scanning posteriorly, transversus abdominis tailed off and turned into aponeurosis. Subsequently, a blunt-ended needle will be introduced into the TAP between the internal oblique and transversus abdominis, posterior to the mid-axillary line and near the aponeurosis. After confirmation with saline solution into the facial plane, as the appearance of a hypo echoic ellipsoid with well-defined margins on ultrasound imaging. After negative aspiration, a total of 20 mL bupivacaine0.1875% ( 0.19%) will be injected in incrementally, aspirating every 5 ml and the block will be repeated on the other side.