Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Adults aged 18 to 80 years. 2. Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis ICAS involving a culprit artery in the anterior circulation. 3. Intracranial arterial stenosis of 50% to 99% as measured by the WASID method using TCD, CTA, MRA, or DSA. 4. Written informed consent obtained from the participant or a legal representative. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Non-atherosclerotic intracranial lesions, including moyamoya disease, vasculitis, vascular dissection, autoimmune diseases, or congenital/genetic abnormalities. 2. More than 50% stenosis of the extracranial carotid artery on the ipsilateral side. 3. Large cerebral infarction involving more than one-half of the territory on DWI imaging, or a baseline modified Rankin Scale score ≥3. 4. Contraindications to antiplatelet therapy or statins. 5. Inability to undergo MRI due to metal implants or claustrophobia.