Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Diagnosis of sarcopenia according to both the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) and the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria * Evidence of reduced muscle strength, defined as handgrip strength \< 28 kg for men or \< 18 kg for women, or a five-times sit-to-stand test time \> 12 seconds without arm support * Evidence of reduced muscle mass, defined as a skeletal muscle mass index \< 7.0 kg/m² for men or \< 5.4 kg/m² for women measured by DXA, or \< 7.0 kg/m² for men or \< 5.7 kg/m² for women measured by BIA * Ability to independently perform sit-to-stand movements * Sufficient physical and cognitive ability to participate in the exercise program * Ability to provide written informed consent * Ability to operate a mobile phone independently or with assistance from a caregiver Exclusion Criteria: * Cognitive impairment defined as a Mini-Mental State Examination score \< 20 or inability to participate due to cognitive decline * Presence of an implanted cardiac pacemaker * Uncontrolled cardiovascular disease despite appropriate medical treatment * Lower limb surgery within the past 6 months resulting in inability to walk independently * Moderate to severe musculoskeletal pain or functional limitations that interfere with objective functional assessments * Severe obesity defined as a body mass index \> 50 kg/m² * Active cancer treatment or severe systemic frailty * Hemiplegia resulting in inability to perform the prescribed exercise program * Anticipated inability to complete the study protocol as determined by the investigator * Inability to comply with study instructions delivered in Korean