Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * 22 years and older * Currently receiving preoperative care/assessment for disc herniation surgery. * No history of any cardiovascular disease other than controlled hypertension. * Willingness to wear the smartwatch for a minimum of 8 consecutive hours during the night before surgery. * Ability to follow all instructions related to the smartwatch operation and data collection independently. * No known allergy to nickel. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients who are currently receiving prescribed medication specifically for sleep in the clinical setting. * Refusal or unwillingness to participate in the study. * The participant fails to wear the smartwatch correctly or appropriately as per study instructions, leading to incomplete or unreliable data collection.