Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Age over 18 years * Systemically healthy patients * Presence of premolar or molar tooth loss in the mandible * Adequate mesiodistal and interocclusal space for implant and restoration placement * At least four months elapsed since tooth extraction * Alveolar bone width of at least 6 mm and sufficient alveolar bone height to allow implant placement without compromising anatomical structures * Full-mouth plaque and bleeding scores less than 20% * Presence of opposing teeth in occlusion * Keratinized mucosa width in the relevant region less than 2 mm * Keratinized mucosa thickness in the relevant region of 2 mm or less * Presence of a healthy second premolar in the maxilla * Provision of written informed consent and permission for the use of data for research purposes Exclusion Criteria: * Poor oral hygiene * Uncontrolled periodontal disease * Pregnancy or lactation at any stage of the study * Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus * Immunocompromised patients * Previous radiotherapy to the head and neck region * Diseases or medications affecting bone metabolism * Antibiotic use within the three months prior to the procedure * Smoking more than 10 cigarettes per day * Pre- or simultaneous bone augmentation prior to implant placement * Lack of primary stability at the time of implant placement