Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Adult (\> 18 years old) * Subject scheduled for any endourological surgery involving an initial cystoscopy, the most common of which are: transurethral resection of the bladder, transurethral resection of the prostate, internal optical urethrotomy, bladder lithoclast, ureteral stent replacement, ureteroscopy, etc. (non-exhaustive list) * Subjects for whom a urine sample (for bacteriological or cytological testing) is planned as part of routine practice in the month prior to the procedure * Subjects affiliated with a health insurance plan or beneficiaries of such a plan Exclusion Criteria: * Absence of signed informed consent / inability to provide the subject with informed information (emergency situations, difficulties in understanding the subject, etc.) * Patient under guardianship, conservatorship, or judicial protection * History of cancer other than urothelial bladder carcinoma, unless in complete remission for \> 5 years * Pregnant or breastfeeding women