Inclusion Criteria General Inclusion Criteria
* Age ≥ 18 years
* Moderate-to-severe or severe (≥3+) degenerative mitral regurgitation (DMR) or functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) combined with severe (≥3+) functional tricuspid regurgitation (FTR)
* New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class II, III, or IVa
* Anatomically suitable for transcatheter edge-to-edge repair, as assessed by the Heart Team
* Willing and able to comply with the protocol requirements and data collection procedures
* Capable of understanding the purpose of the trial and voluntarily providing written informed consent, either personally or via a legally authorized representative DMR Inclusion Criteria
* Symptomatic moderate-to-severe or severe degenerative mitral regurgitation (MR ≥3+)
* High surgical risk FMR Inclusion Criteria
* Symptomatic moderate-to-severe or severe functional mitral regurgitation (MR ≥3+)
For ventricular FMR:
* Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) \< 50%
* Persistent symptoms despite optimized guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), if indicated
* Clinically stable for at least 30 days prior to enrollment
For atrial FMR:
* Unsuitable for surgery
* Persistent symptoms despite optimized medical therapy
* Clinically stable for at least 30 days prior to enrollment TR Inclusion Criteria
* Severe functional tricuspid regurgitation (TR ≥3+)
* Persistent symptoms despite guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT)
* Clinically stable for at least 30 days prior to enrollment
Exclusion Criteria:
* Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy, constrictive pericarditis, or other structural heart disease causing heart failure (except dilated cardiomyopathy of ischemic or non-ischemic etiology)
* Infiltrative cardiomyopathies (e.g., amyloidosis, hemochromatosis, sarcoidosis)
* Refractory heart failure requiring advanced therapies (e.g., left ventricular assist device or heart transplantation)
* Left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD) \> 70 mm
* Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 20%
* Pulmonary arterial hypertension as assessed by right heart catheterization (RHC)
* Severe right ventricular dysfunction, defined as:
Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) \< 10 mm, or Right ventricular tissue Doppler imaging S' \< 6 cm/s, or Fractional area change (FAC) ≤ 22%
-Hemodynamic instability, defined as: Systolic blood pressure \< 90 mmHg with afterload reduction, or Cardiogenic shock requiring inotropic support, intra-aortic balloon pump, or ther mechanical circulatory support
* Severe uncontrolled hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥ 180 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 110 mmHg)
* Myocardial infarction or unstable angina within 30 days prior to enrollment
* Significant untreated coronary artery disease requiring revascularization, or coronary intervention performed within 30 days prior to enrollment
* Moderate or greater aortic valve or pulmonary valve stenosis or regurgitation Mitral valve anatomy deemed unfavorable for transcatheter edge-to-edge repair by the Heart Team, including:Moderate-to-severe calcification in the grasping zone; Mitral valve orifice area \< 3.5 cm²; Posterior mitral leaflet length \< 7 mm; Mitral stenosis; Leaflet perforation; Multi-segment disease or multiple chordal rupture Tricuspid valve anatomy deemed unfavorable for transcatheter edge-to-edge repair by the Heart Team, including:Moderate-to-severe calcification in the grasping zone; Coaptation gap ≥ 10 mm; Severe leaflet perforation, cleft lesions, or other conditions preventing device implantation
* Congenital Ebstein's anomaly
* Prior surgical or interventional procedure involving the mitral or tricuspid valve
* Pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) leads interfering with proper device positioning
* Intracardiac thrombus, vegetation, mass, or tumor in the atria or ventricles
* Cerebrovascular accident (stroke) within 3 months prior to enrollment
* Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease requiring continuous home oxygen therapy or long-term outpatient oral steroid treatment
* End-stage renal disease requiring chronic dialysis
* Vascular access limitations, including inferior vena cava filter, severely tortuous or obstructed caval system, or difficult transseptal puncture
* Contraindications to antithrombotic therapy, or history of intracerebral hemorrhage, gastrointestinal bleeding, or bleeding disorders within 3 months prior to enrollment
* Uncontrolled active infection, including active bacterial endocarditis
* Severe comorbidities that may complicate treatment evaluation (e.g., coma, malignancy, or severe psychiatric disorders)
* Pregnancy or breastfeeding
* Life expectancy \< 1 year
* Participation in another clinical trial that has not yet reached its primary endpoint
* Investigator judgment that the patient is non-compliant or unlikely to complete follow-up as required
