Inclusion Criteria:
* Gender is not restricted. When signing the informed consent form, the age should be between 40 and 80 years old (inclusive of the boundary value).
* Diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).
* During the screening process, the six-minute walk test should be ≥ 150 meters and \< 600 meters; or the lung function FVC should be \> 30% of the predicted value.
* Voluntarily sign the informed consent form, be able to cooperate with the completion of research-related procedures and examinations, and be able to comprehensively describe or record the changes in the condition.
Exclusion Criteria:
* Female subjects who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant within one year after using this product; or male subjects whose partner is planning to become pregnant.
* Subjects selected during the screening whose estimated survival period is less than one year.
* Subjects selected during the screening who have a current or past history of malignant tumors (excluding malignant tumors with a disease-free survival of more than five years and judged by the researcher to have a relatively mild invasiveness, such as non-melanoma skin cancer, invasive cervical cancer, bladder cancer, thyroid cancer, and breast cancer, etc.).
* Subjects selected within 4 weeks before diagnosis of pneumonia (including bacterial, fungal or viral pneumonia).
* Subjects selected within 4 weeks before an acute exacerbation of IPF.
* Subjects selected within 4 weeks before having one or more results reported by pathogenological or serological tests (nucleic acid, antigen, virus culture, specific IgG antibody levels) indicating novel coronavirus infection, or suspected novel coronavirus infection (manifesting symptoms such as fever, headache, fatigue, joint pain, runny nose, sore throat, and persistent cough, and the disease course is consistent with the prevalent strain).
* Subjects selected within 4 weeks before having a history of invasive or non-invasive mechanical ventilation.
* Subjects selected during the screening who have active pulmonary tuberculosis, poorly controlled bronchial asthma, acute pulmonary embolism, severe pulmonary hypertension \[cardiac ultrasound examination \> 70 mmHg\], etc.
* Subjects selected within 6 months before having a serious non-pulmonary systemic disease and judged by the researcher as not suitable to participate in this study, such as diabetes with ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar coma, acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina pectoris, NYHA heart failure grade III/IV, stroke, liver cirrhosis with severe liver dysfunction, severe renal insufficiency, etc.
* Subjects selected during the screening who have severe anemia, or controlled poorly granulocytopenia or thrombocytopenia.
* Subjects selected during the screening who have a history of suicide risk, psychiatric history or epilepsy history.
* Subjects selected during the screening who have severe malnutrition.
* Subjects selected during the screening whose 12-lead electrocardiogram shows severe arrhythmias (such as ventricular tachycardia, supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, etc.) or second-degree and above conduction abnormalities of the heart.
* Subjects selected within 4 weeks before participating in other clinical trials with intervention measures or using other biological agents for treatment.
* Researchers, collaborating researchers, research coordinators, researchers participating in the study or employees of the research center or their family members.
* Subjects selected during the screening who the researcher considers unsuitable to participate in the trial (increasing the risk for the subjects or interfering with the clinical trial).
