Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * who are hospitalized in the General Surgery Clinic, * are on day 0 of surgery, * volunteer to participate in the study, * have no neuropsychiatric diagnosis and are not taking antipsychotic medications, * are over 18 years of age, * accept random selection, * and undergo abdominal surgery. * For the experimental group, all patients with no infectious diseases (shingles, fungal infections, eczema, warts, calluses), local infections (abscesses, etc.), open lesions/wounds, scar tissue, edema, hematomas, thrombophlebitis, deep vein thrombosis, lymphangitis, coagulation disorders, varicose veins, osteoporosis, osteomyelitis, hepatitis, degenerative joint diseases, neuropathy due to diabetes, toe deformities, recent fractures, dislocations, or ruptures of muscle fibers, tendons, or ligaments will be included in the sample. Exclusion Criteria: * patients who underwent multiple simultaneous surgeries along with abdominal surgery, * those with postoperative complications such as delirium, * those who underwent reoperation, * those with a pain score \>7 because it could affect sleep levels, * and those who received narcotic analgesics on postoperative day 0 due to pain will be excluded from the sample.