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Ketogenic Diet and Neuromodulation in Treatment Resistant Depression
Sponsor: Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre
Summary
The goal of this clinical trial is to test whether combining a ketogenic diet (KD) with personalized, accelerated intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) produces greater reductions in depressive symptoms than iTBS combined with a standard healthy diet in adults with treatment-resistant depression. The trial also aims to determine whether participants can feasibly follow a ketogenic diet during an accelerated iTBS treatment course and whether the diet produces measurable changes in ketone levels. Specifically, the study aims to determine whether the combined intervention: 1. Reduces depressive symptoms 2. Increases circulating ketone levels 3. Is feasible and tolerable during accelerated iTBS treatment Participants will begin either a KD or a Canadian Food Guide-aligned diet (CFGD) with a 3-week dietary lead-in period, after which they will undergo a course of personalized, accelerated iTBS while continuing their assigned diet. Before and after the iTBS treatment course, participants will complete clinical assessments, provide blood samples for metabolic testing, and undergo MRI scans to assess brain connectivity. Ketone levels will be measured daily throughout the 12-week dietary intervention. Within-group and between-group differences will be compared to characterize changes in clinical outcomes, metabolism, and brain functioning.
Official title: Adjunctive Low-carb Ketogenic Diet to Enhance Imaging-guided Neuromodulation in Treatment Resistant Depression
Key Details
Gender
All
Age Range
18 Years - 65 Years
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Enrollment
60
Start Date
2026-04-01
Completion Date
2027-10-01
Last Updated
2026-02-05
Healthy Volunteers
No
Interventions
Accelerated Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation (iTBS)
Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS), a form of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique approved by the FDA and Health Canada for the treatment of TRD. In this study, participants will receive an accelerated course of image-guided, neuronavigated left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) iTBS targeted based on functional connectivity with the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC). Stimulation will consist of 600 pulses per session, delivered at 110% of resting motor threshold, with 50-minute inter-session intervals, for 8 sessions per day over 5 consecutive days.
Locations (1)
Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre
Toronto, Ontario, Canada