Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria For Retrospective Study * Age ≥ 18 years old * Complete medical records, including demographic characteristics (age, gender, ethnicity, etc.), clinical diagnosis information (diagnosis time of depression/asthma, diagnostic basis), treatment plans (medication type, dosage), and follow-up records * Depression diagnosis conforms to relevant clinical criteria; asthma diagnosis conforms to Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Bronchial Asthma (2020 Edition) For MR Study (GWAS Data) * Data have undergone strict quality control * Study participants are of European ancestry (to reduce population stratification bias) * Clear division of case group and control group, as well as available sample size information Exclusion Criteria For Retrospective Study * Comorbidity with other severe mental illnesses (e.g., schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder) * Comorbidity with severe respiratory diseases (e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease \[COPD\], pulmonary fibrosis, lung cancer) * Comorbidity with severe organ failure (e.g., heart, liver, or kidney failure) * Lack of key information in medical records (e.g., diagnosis time, core symptoms, treatment plan) For MR Study (IVs Screening) * Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with an association significance P-value ≥ 5×10-⁸ with the exposure (depression/asthma) * SNPs with high linkage disequilibrium (LD, r² ≥ 0.001, distance ≤ 10000 kb) * SNPs located in coding regions or those that may affect gene expression regulation (at risk of horizontal pleiotropy) * SNPs with an F-statistic \< 10 (at risk of weak instrumental variable bias)