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Validation of PET Questionnaire for Experience and Sustainability in Telemedicine. PET(Patient Experience in Telehealth)
Sponsor: Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS
Summary
Background: Telemedicine adoption has expanded rapidly in recent years, creating new opportunities for access to care, particularly for frail patients or those with mobility limitations. However, the large-scale deployment of remote healthcare services has highlighted the lack of validated instruments to systematically and multidimensionally assess patients' subjective experience. Patient experience is recognized as a key indicator of quality of care, with direct implications for treatment adherence, appropriate use of digital health technologies, and the effectiveness of organizational care models. Rationale: No instruments have been specifically validated in Italy to measure patient experience in telemedicine. In response, the Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (FPG IRCCS) developed, through a co-design process involving expert patients and healthcare professionals, the Patient Experience in Telehealth questionnaire (PET). The tool was designed to capture not only overall satisfaction, but also relational, informational, and organizational domains, as well as perceived economic and environmental impact. Objectives: The primary objective is psychometric validation of PET, assessing reliability and validity (construct, convergent, and discriminant). Secondary objectives include evaluating the perceived impact of telemedicine on care organization, patient-borne costs, and the environment, and exploring differences according to sociodemographic variables. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study will administer PET to at least 200 adult patients who received one or more telemedicine services at FPG IRCCS within the preceding three months. Content validity will be assessed by an expert panel. Descriptive analyses, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and reliability testing will be performed. A subgroup will complete a test-retest assessment after 7-14 days. Hypothesis: PET is expected to demonstrate satisfactory psychometric properties, discriminate across different levels of patient experience, and capture the perceived organizational, economic, and environmental impacts of telemedicine in healthcare delivery.
Official title: Assessment of Patient Experience in Telemedicine: Validation of the Co-designed "Patient Experience in Telehealth (PET)" Questionnaire to Measure Experience and Assess Environmental, Economic and Organizational Impact.
Key Details
Gender
All
Age Range
18 Years - Any
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
200
Start Date
2026-02-01
Completion Date
2027-02-01
Last Updated
2026-02-06
Healthy Volunteers
No
Interventions
Patient Experience in Telehealth (PET) - questionnaire
The Patient Experience in Telehealth (PET) questionnaire was developed through a co-design process involving patients and healthcare professionals. The questionnaire includes a sociodemographic and telemedicine profile, followed by five Likert-scale sections covering access and technology use (6 items), communication with healthcare staff (5 items), privacy and safety (3 items), comfort, organization and integration of care (5 items), and economic and environmental impact (5 items). A general satisfaction section includes four items, plus one open-ended item for improvement suggestions. A supplementary in-depth section includes 11 items exploring avoided travel, time savings, caregiver involvement, device use, and interest in an automated carbon dioxide (CO₂) estimate. The questionnaire comprises 39 closed-ended items, 4 satisfaction items, 11 in-depth items, and 1 open-ended item. Completion time is approximately 10-15 minutes, and the survey is administered online in anonymous form.