Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria Patients aged 45 years and older scheduled for hysterectomy surgery with an expected operative duration of more than 2 hours Patients classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status Class I, II, or III Patients for whom planned total intravenous anesthesia was preferred Exclusion Criteria Patients younger than 45 years Patients planned for postoperative intensive care unit monitoring Patients unable to provide written informed consent Patients classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Class IV or higher Patients with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 35 Patients who did not consent to participate in the study Patients with neuromuscular diseases Patients with uncontrolled asthma Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) Class IV Patients with scoliosis Patients with a history of pulmonary resection Patients with chest wall deformities Patients with a history of spontaneous pneumothorax Patients for whom inhalational anesthesia was preferred