Clinical Research Directory

INCLUSION CRITERIA For the group of oncologic patients who underwent radiotherapy: * Radiotherapy for an oncologic condition performed between January 1, 1999, and December 31, 2018; * Age at the time of radiotherapy \< 18 years; * Follow-up of at least 4 years conducted at the Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases Program, Pediatric Unit, IRCCS AOU Bologna; * Obtained informed consent For the group of subjects not exposed to radiotherapy and without specific risk factors for DTC: * No history of exposure to ionizing radiation; * No specific risk factors for DTC (autoimmune thyroiditis, familial forms, genetic syndromes); * Thyroid ultrasound performed between January 1, 1999, and December 31, 2018, at the Nuclear Medicine Unit of IRCCS AOU Bologna; * Age at the time of the thyroid ultrasound \< 18 years; * Obtained informed consent EXCLUSION CRITERIA: For the group of oncologic patients who underwent radiotherapy: * Patients transferred to another center before completing 4 years of follow-up after radiotherapy at the Pediatric Unit of IRCCS AOU Bologna, without having received a diagnosis of thyroid cancer. For the group of subjects not exposed to radiotherapy and without specific risk factors for DTC: * None.