Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Male patients aged 19 years or older who are able to provide written informed consent 2. Histologically confirmed prostatic adenocarcinoma within 6 months prior to the first treatment (either carbon ion radiotherapy or androgen deprivation therapy, whichever comes first) 3. Documented pre-biopsy serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level available 4. Classified as one of the following risk groups based on NCCN Guidelines Version 2.2025: * Low risk: PSA ≤10 ng/mL AND Gleason score 6 (Grade Group 1) AND cT1-T2a * Intermediate risk: PSA 10-20 ng/mL OR Gleason score 7 (Grade Group 2-3) OR cT2b-T2c, without any high-risk features 5. No evidence of distant metastasis or regional lymph node metastasis 6. Adequate general condition for prostate cancer treatment as determined by ECOG Performance Status 0 or 1 7. Multiparametric prostate MRI performed prior to treatment initiation Exclusion Criteria: 1. Prior history of pelvic radiotherapy or prostate surgery 2. History of malignancy other than prostate cancer, except for the following: cervical carcinoma in situ, completely resected non-melanoma skin cancer, or any cancer with disease-free status maintained for 5 or more years after treatment 3. Patients deemed inappropriate for carbon ion radiotherapy due to active infection, bleeding disorders, or severe cardiac, hepatic, or renal dysfunction, or patients who have undergone major surgery or experienced a major cardiovascular event (e.g., myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, or cerebral hemorrhage) within the past 6 months 4. Patients with psychiatric disorders or cognitive impairment that would preclude compliance with the treatment plan 5. Patients currently enrolled in another investigational drug or medical device study concurrent with this trial 6. Patients for whom carbon ion radiotherapy is physically not feasible due to artificial hip joints or other metallic implants.