Clinical Research Directory

* Be age 18 years or older * male or female * have a body mass index (BMI)between 18.5-35 kg/m2 (not morbidly obese) * Be engaged in moderate physical activity, defined as ≤5 hours/week of aerobic exercise * Not have a history or presence of a clinically relevant (that required or requires treatment) cardiac, renal, hepatic, endocrine (including diabetes mellitus), pulmonary, biliary, gastrointestinal, pancreatic, or neurologic disorder (reviewed by Nurse practitioner) * Not have other conditions that are likely to alter fluid balance or be negatively affected by changing electrolyte levels/hydration status (as determined by Nurse practitioner) * Not be consuming any medication which may alter fluid retention/electrolyte levels such as Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor (for type 2 diabetes), laxatives, diuretics, Apremilast, chemotherapy, or lithium. (Medications will be reviewed by Nurse practitioner) * Not consume nutritional supplements, performance enhancing drugs, and/or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs within 7 days of study visits excluding screening. * Follow the lifestyle and dietary restrictions before study visits (excluding screening/consenting visit) including before each visit avoiding strenuous activity for 24 hours prior, refrain from caffeine for 12 hours and alcohol for 24 hours, consume the standardized diet and maintain similar activity levels for 24 hours prior, consume 2.5 liters for men or 2.0 liters for women day prior, and fast (water only) of at least 10 hours prior. * Not have a sensitivity or be allergic to any components of the study interventions (water, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, potassium bicarbonate, magnesium, sodium, chloride, potassium, vitamin C, dextrose, AminoAbsorb (L-alanine, L-glutamine, glycine). * Not be a tobacco user * Not be following a specialized dietary pattern that may alter findings (e.g., low carbohydrate/ketogenic diet, carnivore diet, intermittent fasting etc.) * Arrive to lab for visits euhydrated (USG 1.005-1.020) * Have the ability and willingness to fast (consume water/treatments only) for 15 hours (10 hours prior to lab visits not including screening) * Not be enrolled in another clinical study within 30 days of the first study visit * Be without active infection or illness of any kind * Not be pregnant or breastfeeding * Not have surgery in the previous 4 months