Clinical Research Directory

Inclusion Criteria: * Female and male adults aged 40 to 80 years with a diagnosis of unilateral ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. * Residual voluntary movement activity of the affected upper limb. * Mild to moderate spasticity (Modified Ashworth Scale ≤ 3). * Adequate cognitive function to understand and follow verbal instructions (Mini-Mental State Examination ≥ 21). * Medically stable patients, with no active or uncontrolled systemic illness. * Ability to sit unsupported for at least 30 minutes and be able to perform brief cognitive-motor exercises. Exclusion Criteria: * Other central nervous system disorders (e.g., Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury). * Musculoskeletal or orthopedic conditions causing restriction of movement in the upper-limb (such as fixed contractures, severe joint deformities, shoulder subluxation). * Severe sensory deprivation, visual neglect, or inattention that interferes with completion of the task or the ability to engage in motor imagery. * Uncontrolled seizures, severe cardiovascular instability, or any other contraindication to imagery.